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Nepal Bhasa Manka Khala : ウィキペディア英語版
Nepal Bhasa Manka Khala

Nepāl Bhāsā Mankā Khala (Devanagari: नेपालभाषा मंका: खल:) is an umbrella organization of groups and societies dedicated to the development of Nepal Bhasa and culture in Nepal. It was founded in 1979 by Newar language lovers to fight for linguistic and cultural rights against the repression of the Panchayat regime.〔 Pages 33-34.〕
==Background==

After suffering years of suppression under the Rana dynasty, Nepal Bhasa experienced a brief period of freedom following the revolution of 1951 that brought democracy in Nepal. However, in 1960, parliament was abolished and the Panchayat system was established, and language rights were again suppressed. The autocratic regime imposed a one-language policy under which Nepal Bhasa and other languages were progressively removed from the media and schools, and campaigners for language rights were jailed.〔 Page 9.〕〔 Page 8.〕 This led to the formation of organizations to fight for the preservation of Nepal Bhasa.
These groups decided to streamline their activities by forming an umbrella organization.〔Lecomte-Tilouine, Marie and Dollfus, Pascale (2003). ''Ethnic revival and religious turmoil: identities and representations in the Himalayas.'' Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195655926. Page 127.〕 In 1979, a meeting held under the auspices of one of them, Chākalā Dabu (चाकला: दबू) of Chhetrapati, set up Nepal Bhasa Manka Khala. Padma Ratna Tuladhar, a journalist and author, was named the president. He was then the editor of the daily Nepal Bhasa Patrika.〔 Page 12.〕〔Hangen, Susan and East-West Center Washington (2007). ''Creating a "new Nepal": the ethnic dimension.'' East-West Center Washington. ISBN 9781932728620. Retrieved 16 November 2012. Page 56.〕 The organization, however, was not officially recognized.

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